ICMP belongs to the network layer—-IP and ARP also belong to the network layer
Transport layer: TCP, UDP
Huawei common basic commands
<huawei>system-view----Switch user view to system view [huawei]undo----delete [huawei]quit----Exit to the previous view [huawei]display----View <huawei>reboot----Restart the device [huawei]sysname----Modify the system name display version----View system version
Telnet
PC side—-use router to represent PC side
[PC]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0----Enter the interface [PC-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 24----Add interface ip and mask information
Server
[Telnet Server]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [Telnet Server-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0----The second way to add interface ip and mask
Way
[Telnet Server-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit----Exit to the previous view [Telnet Server]telnet server enable----Already enabled by default, no need to configure this command [Telnet Server]user-interface vty 04----Enable user interface space [Telnet Server-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa----Set to use aaa as the authentication mode of Huawei user interface, that is, the login method [Telnet Server-ui-vty0-4]quit [Telnet Server]aaa----Enter AAA view [Telnet Server-aaa]local-user huawei password cipher 123456----Create username and password [Telnet Server-aaa]local-user huawei privilege level 15----Set user privilege level [Teinet Server-aaa]local-user huawei service-type telnet----Set the protocol used by huawei users to log in to the device [Telnet Server---aaa]display this----View the configuration of the current view
test
DHCP Protocol—-Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
Problems with manually configuring network parameters
- For regular users
- For network administrators
- IPAddress Waste
DHCP message type
- discover—-Discovery message—-is used for clients to findDHCP< /strong>Server
- offer—-The server replies to the client (carryingIPaddress information)— —Also includes network parameters such as gateway, mask,DNS
- request—-Client formal requestIPInformation
- ack—-The server confirms the client’s request information
- nak—-The server rejects the client’s request for information
- release—-The client sends it to the server to request the release address
- decline—-After the client detects the conflict, it reports the error to the server
- inform—-The server sends some configuration information
DHCPLease Period
- Lease renewal timer—-24H(huawei)
- When the lease period reaches50%, thePCwill renew the lease. PCwill be sent using requestmessages and are unicast, if the service If the client replies with an ACK message, the lease renewal is successful.
- Lease rebinding timer—-21H
- Time exceeded87.5%of the lease period,PCbroadcast sentdiscover Themessage is resent to theDHCPserver in the network. If a server agrees to renew the leasePC
- If the renewedIP is the firstIPaddress obtained, then >PCRefresh lease update timer time
- If the renewed IPIPis not theIPaddress obtained for the first time, then strong>PCwill reset the lease renewal timer to 0 and send release The message announces the release of the firstIPaddress, and then replies with the secondofferreport Text to obtain the secondIPaddress
- If no server replies, the client will give up theIPaddress when the lease expires.
- Time exceeded87.5%of the lease period,PCbroadcast sentdiscover Themessage is resent to theDHCPserver in the network. If a server agrees to renew the leasePC
- Lease expiration timer
- PCvoluntarily gives up using thisIP
- PCLease renewal failed
If a rejection message is received during the lease period, the PC must immediately stop using the existing IP address and then apply for an IP address again.
Configuration Process
[DHCP Server]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [DHCP Server GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.100 24 [DHCP Server]dhcp enable----Start DHCP protocol [DHCP Serverlip pool aa----Create an address pool named aa [DHCP Server-ip-pool-aa]network 192.168.1.0 mask 24----Configure the assignable IP address range [DHCP Server-ip-pool-aalgateway-list 192.168.1.100----Configure gateway information [DHCP Server-ip-pool-aajdns-list 8.8.8.8----Configure DNS information [DHCP Server-ip-pool-aajquit [DHCP Serverjinterface GigabitE thernet 0/0/0 [DHCP Server GigabitEthernet0/0/0Jdhcp select global----Call the global address pool on the interface [DHCP Server-GigatitEtherrnet0/0/0]quit [DHCP Server]display ip intertace brief----View the corresponding relationship between IP and interface [DHCP Server]display ip pool----Zhichun address pool content [DHCP Server-ip-pool-aa]excluded ip-address 192.168.1.254 192,168.1.254----Excluded address, allocation is not allowed [DHCP Server-ip-pool-aa]lease day 0 hour 0 minute 10----Set lease time