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Content introduction
In recent years, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have been widely used in many fields. WSN consists of a large number of distributed sensor nodes that can collect and transmit environmental data. However, due to the limited energy of sensor nodes, how to extend the network life has become one of the hot topics of research. In this context, the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol was proposed.
The LEACH protocol is a classic wireless sensor network clustering protocol that reduces energy consumption by dividing network nodes into several clusters. There is a node in each cluster that is selected as the cluster head and is responsible for collecting and transmitting data from the nodes in the cluster. However, the traditional LEACH protocol has some problems, such as uneven energy consumption of cluster head nodes and energy waste during cluster head election.
In order to solve these problems, researchers proposed the enhanced MODLEACH (Modified LEACH) protocol. This protocol is improved on the basis of traditional LEACH to improve network performance and energy utilization efficiency.
First, the enhanced MODLEACH protocol introduces an energy threshold mechanism to dynamically adjust the energy consumption of cluster head nodes. According to the energy threshold, the cluster head node can choose whether to participate in data transmission, thereby avoiding the problem of uneven energy consumption. In addition, the protocol also introduces an energy replenishment mechanism. When the energy of the cluster head node is lower than the threshold, other nodes can transfer part of the energy to the cluster head node to extend its life.
Secondly, the enhanced MODLEACH protocol improves the cluster head election process. In the traditional LEACH protocol, each node has a certain probability of becoming a cluster head node, which will cause some nodes to waste energy during the election process. The enhanced MODLEACH protocol introduces weight factors of node energy and distance, making nodes with higher energy and closer to cluster head nodes more likely to become cluster head nodes, thereby reducing energy waste.
In addition, the enhanced MODLEACH protocol also takes into account the mobility of nodes in the network. In the traditional LEACH protocol, the location of nodes is static, but in real applications, the location of nodes may change. Therefore, the enhanced MODLEACH protocol can detect the location changes of nodes in real time by introducing a node mobility detection mechanism, and adjust the election and energy consumption strategies of cluster head nodes accordingly.
Through the design research of the enhanced MODLEACH protocol, we can draw the following conclusions: This protocol shows good performance in terms of energy consumption balance, cluster head election efficiency and adaptability to mobility. However, this protocol still has some problems, such as the efficiency of the node energy replenishment mechanism and the accuracy of node mobility detection. Therefore, we still need further research and improvements.
In short, the enhanced MODLEACH protocol is a wireless sensor network clustering protocol that improves the traditional LEACH protocol. By introducing an energy threshold mechanism, improving the cluster head election process and considering node mobility, this protocol can improve network performance and energy utilization efficiency. However, further research is still needed to solve the problems of this protocol and apply it in actual wireless sensor networks.
Part of the code
if Case==1
se=strel('disk',2);
elseif Case==2
se=strel('disk',3);
elseif Case==3
se=strel('disk',4);
elseif Case==4
se=strel('disk',6);
end
[xx,yy]=size(Im);
[L,num]=bwlabel(Im,8);
R0=false(size(Im));
for i=1:num
R=false(size(Im));
R(L==i)=1;
A(:,:,1)=R;
Connex_Num=zeros(100);
% Connex_Num(1)=connex(A(:,:,1)); %connex conculate connected
[~,Connex_Num(1)]=bwlabel(A(:,:,1));
Y=zeros(xx,yy);
k=1;
n=0;
while sum(sum(A(:,:,k)))~=0
A(:,:,k + 1)= imerode(A(:,:,k),se); %use se rode
% figure
% imshow(A(:,:,k));
%Connex_Num(k + 1)=connex(A(:,:,k + 1));
[~,Connex_Num(k + 1)]=bwlabel(A(:,:,k + 1));
if Connex_Num(k)<Connex_Num(k + 1)
Connex_Num(k)=Connex_Num(k + 1);
end
if Connex_Num(k)>Connex_Num(k + 1)
% Connex_Num(1)=Connex_Num(k + 1);
temp1=A(:,:,k + 1);
temp2=zeros(size(A(:,:,k + 1)));
if Connex_Num(k + 1)==0
temp1=imdilate(A(:,:,k),se);
U(:,:,k)=temp1;
n=n+1;
y(:,:,n)=temp1;
A(:,:,k)=0;
else
Connex_Num(k + 1)=Connex_Num(k);
while sum(sum(temp1-temp2))
temp2=temp1;
temp1=imdilate(temp1,se) & amp;A(:,:,k);
end
n=n+1;
U(:,:,k)=temp1;
y(:,:,n)=A(:,:,k)-U(:,:,k);
end
% figure
% imshow(y(:,:,n));
Y=Y + y(:,:,n);
% figure
%imshow(Y);
if bwarea(U(:,:,k))>60
A(:,:,k)=U(:,:,k);
end
end
k=k + 1;
end
% [n,W]=connex(Y);
Rz=Y;
R0=R0 + Rz;
end
if Case==1
Z1=imdilate(R0,se);
Qt=bwdist(Z1);
L2=watershed(Qt);
I1=L2==0;
I2= Im &~I1;
Z=bwareaopen(I2,200,4);
elseif Case==2
Z1=imdilate(R0,se);
Qt=bwdist(Z1);
L2=watershed(Qt);
I1=L2==0;
I2= Im &~I1;
Z=bwareaopen(I2,100,4);
elseif Case==3
se1=strel('disk',1);
Z0=R0;
Z1=imdilate(Z0,se1);
Qt=bwdist(logical(Z1));
L2=watershed(Qt);
I1=L2==0;
I2= Im &~I1;
Z=bwareaopen(I2,300);
elseif Case==4
se1=strel('disk',3);
Z1=imdilate(R0,se1);
Z1=imdilate(Z1,se1);
Qt=bwdist(logical(Z1));
L2=watershed(Qt);
I1=L2==0;
I2= Im &~I1;
Z=bwareaopen(I2,800);
end
function res_dt=dta(fg_mask,h)
%
% m=~bwareafilt(~m,[round(min_hole_size) inf]);
% m = bwareafilt(m,[round(min_object_size),Inf]);
m=bwdist(fg_mask==0);
m=imhmax(m,h);
m=imregionalmax(m);
objects=m;
points=zeros(size(objects));
s = regionprops(objects>0,'centroid');
centroids = round(cat(1, s.Centroid));
for kp=1:size(centroids,1)
points(centroids(kp,2),centroids(kp,1))=1;
end
res_dt=points.*fg_mask;
Run results
References
[1] Mahmood D, Javaid N, Mahmood S, et al.MODLEACH: A Variant of LEACH for WSNs[J].IEEE, 2013.DOI:10.1109/BWCCA.2013.34.