CentOS7 installation zsh and configuration Oh my zsh
When we operate the Linux terminal through the Shell, most of the configuration, color differentiation, and command prompts cannot achieve the results we expected or the operations are relatively cumbersome.
Today I will introduce the ultimate and easy-to-use terminal software for Linux-like systems. It is called the sports car among carriages, the flying car among sports cars, and the “Ultimate Shell” in history.
1 Install zsh and change the default terminal
① Install the software package
yum -y install zsh git
②Change the default terminal
chsh -s /bin/zsh
When you open the terminal software at this time, you should enter zsh by default.
2 Configure oh-my-zsh
① Pull oh-my-zsh from the igt warehouse
git clone https://gitee.com/mirrors/oh-my-zsh.git ~/.oh-my-zsh
②Default configuration
cp ~/.oh-my-zsh/templates/zshrc.zsh-template ~/.zshrc
3 Install highlighting and auto-completion plug-ins
①Install the highlighting plug-in: zsh-syntax-highlighting
git clone https://gitee.com/dawnwords/zsh-syntax-highlighting.git ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting
②Install automatic completion: zsh-autosuggestions
git clone https://gitee.com/lhaisu/zsh-autosuggestions.git ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-autosuggestions
③Install autojump directory jump
git clone https://gitee.com/gentlecp/autojump.git cd autojump ./install.py
4 plugin configuration
Also open the .zshrc file, find plugins=(git), and add the plugins you want here. Use spaces or newlines to separate multiple plugin names (commas are not allowed)
vim ~/.zshrc
plugins=(
git
sudo
zsh-autosuggestions
zsh-syntax-highlighting
autojump
)
Every time we modify .zshrc we need to:
source ~./zshrc
If the prompt is the command you want, press the right arrow (→) to complete the command.
5 effects
If you are not used to this zsh theme, you can modify it
vim ~/.zshrc
Find ZSH_THEME and change it to your favorite theme, such as maran
#Refresh zsh configuration file source ~/.zshrc
Effect:
6 tmux: Configure terminal management
Sometimes when we run script commands through the terminal, we don’t want the script program to exit when we exit the terminal.
- At this time, it is necessary to use tmux, this terminal management artifact.
6.1 Concepts: workspace, window, pane
- Workspace: The workspace is the highest level of tmux and can contain multiple windows. Each workspace has a unique name, and you can create and manage multiple workspaces as needed.
- Window: A window is a child of the workspace and can contain one or more panes. Each window has a number and an optional name. You can switch between windows, and each window can run a different application or command.
- Pane: A pane is a child of the window, which is the visible area in tmux. Each pane can display a different command line interface or terminal session. Panes can be split vertically or horizontally, and can be navigated and resized between panes.
6.2 Installation and use
The v3.3 version is used here
- Update packages and download tmux
# If you have installed tmux and it is not version 3.3, you can uninstall it with the following command sudo yum remove tmux # Update packages and install sudo yum install http://galaxy4.net/repo/galaxy4-release-7-current.noarch.rpm sudo yum install -y tmux # View version tmux -V
- Edit the configuration file ~/.tmux.conf
vim ~/.tmux.conf #Input: set paste to enter paste mode :set paste # Enter i to enter insert (paste) mode i
Copy the following content to tmux.conf:
The default command prefix of tmux is control + B. We can unbind it according to unbind-key C-b and bind-key C-a send-prefix to rebind the keys we are used to.
set-option -g prefix C-b # unbind-key C-b bind-key C-b send-prefix bind-key s setw synchronize-panes # Use Alt-arrow keys to switch panes bind -n M-Left select-pane -L bind -n M-Right select-pane -R bind -n M-Up select-pane -U bind -n M-Down select-pane -D # Shift arrow to switch windows bind -n S-Left previous-window bind -n S-Right next-window # Mouse mode set-option -g mouse on # # Set easier window split keys bind-key v split-window -h bind-key h split-window -v # # # Easy config reload bind-key r source-file ~/.tmux.conf \; display-message "tmux.conf reloaded" set -g default-terminal "screen-256colour" set -g status-style fg=white # Foreground color set -g status-style bg=black # Background color setw -g window-status-style fg=cyan # Active window color is blue-green setw -g window-status-current-style fg=white setw -g window-status-current-style bg=red set -g message-style fg=white set -g message-style bg=black set -g message-style bright set -g pane-border-style fg=white set -g pane-border-style bg=green set -g status-left "#[fg=green]#S#[fg=yellow]-#I#[fg=cyan]-#P" set -g status-utf8 on set-g status-interval 60s setw -g monitor-activity on set -g visual-activity on
- Configure environment variables
# Make the tmux.conf file effective tmux source-file ~/.tmux.conf # Configure zsh environment variables vim ~/.zshrc #Add the following configuration at the bottom of the .zshrc file export TERM=xterm
6.3 Set up your own workspace
- Create a workspace named workspace
tmux new-session -s workspace-demo -d # If you want to delete a namespace, enter the space through the following command # tmux attach-session -t workspace-demo # After entering the space, enter exit to delete, or directly execute kill-session # tmux kill-session -t workspace-demo
- tmux ls to check whether the creation is successful
# View all namespaces tmux ls
- Enter the workspace and create your own window
# Enter the workspace-demo workspace tmux attach-session -t workspace-demo # Create a new window-demo-1 window tmux new-window -n window-demo-1
- Under the window-demo-1 window, create two panes (two ssh sessions)
# Log in to the machine 145 ssh [email protected] # Create a new ssh session (command shortcut key prefix I use C-B as an example here) control + B, after pressing and releasing, press H again (create a new horizontal window) # I connect to my 146 machine in a new window ssh [email protected]
Of course we can continue to open more shell windows
Attention:
① How to ensure that the current session state is retained when logging in next time?
# Pay attention to press control + B first, release it, and then press D (not all three buttons together) control + B, then press D (detach)
②Configure alias, so that when you log in to the terminal next time, you can directly enter our window
For example, we want to set
aliasto dev on the machine 192.168.16.145. Next time we log in to the machine 192.168.145 (tmux environment is required), we can enter dev directly. workspace-demo workspace in tmux
# Modify ~/.bashrc or ~/.bash_profile file vim ~/.bashrc # Add the following commands in the alias section (without spaces between =) alias dev='tmux attach-session -t workspace-demo'
# Input: wq save and exit :wq # Refresh the configuration file source ~/.bashrc
test:
After ssh logging into the machine 145, enter dev
6.4 Common commands
- use control + b then press [ select text with mouse to copy - Use control + b then press ] to paste - `Control + B`, then press `Spacebar`: Change pane layout. - `Control + B`, then `Z`: Toggle full screen mode for the current pane. - `Control + B`, then press `&`: Close the current window. - `Control + B` then `L`: Switch between windows, return to the previous window. - `Control + B`, then press `$`: Rename the current window. - `Control + B`, then press `?`: Show tmux shortcut help. - `Control + B`, then `C`: Create a new window. - `Control + B`, then `N`: Switch to the next window. - `Control + B`, then press `P`: Switch to the previous window.
`Control + B`, then press `0-9`: switch to the window with the specified number.
- `Control + B`, then press `%` or V (vertical): Create a new vertically split pane in the current window. - `Control + B`, then press `"` or H: Create a new horizontally split pane in the current window. - `Control + B`, then press `arrow keys`: Navigate between panes. (option + arrow keys can also achieve the effect) - `Control + B`, then press `x`: Close the current pane.